December 3, 2007

FORMS AND TECTONICS OF CELLULAR AGGREGATION

“The idea that innovation weather scientific, technological or architectural is a by product of artistic chance or a result of singular genius is Anachronistic. Complex theory revels that innovation- the creation of the new – is the direct result of Bottom-up evolutionary process. Architecture is just beginning to engage the concept” * says Architect Tom Wiscombe whose practice (http://www.emergentarchitecture.com/) essentially engages the idea of evolutionary or emergent design. Tom along with Peter Testa and Marcelo Spina instructed spring studio 06 at Sci-Arc whose title was
‘On Forms and Tectonics of Cellular Aggregation’, the objective of the studio was to explore the generative procedures, tectonic and special qualities and constructive and assembly processes necessary to produce and deploy emergent forms of cellular aggregation.

Taking this as our springing point we would like to conduct the research under the same title but in a theoretical way rather than in an applied way. The objective of our research will be finding ‘Cellular Aggregations’ that exist in nature and representing their forms and tectonics by virtue of diagrams. For example ‘Slime Mould’ which shows characteristics of both animal-like and plant-like behavioral patterns. The research therefore can involve the morphological study of the cellular patterns of the slime mould in regards to the physiological changes. However the aim of the research will not be about the biological accuracy but about diagrammatically representing the flexibility, efficiency and robustness present in these systems.
The research will do a simultaneous reading between, the first aspect dealing with the nature and understanding of emergent practice in architecture and the second aspect essentially dealing with the study and analysis of few cellular aggregations present in nature. With this research we are hoping to find some principals which can be algorithmically coded to derive at some surprising end results.






PART I (TO BE ELABORATED IN MORE DETAIL)

EMERGENCE: THE IDEA OF EMERGENCE - EMERGENCE TALKS ABOUT THE COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR OF A SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION WHERE THE WHOLE IS DIFFERENT THAN THE PARTS AND EXHIBITS BEHAVIORS AND PROPERTIES WHICH ARE NOT PREDICTABLE BY THE OBSERVATION OF THE PARTS. EMERGENCE EXISTS IN NATURE IN MACRO AS WELL AS IN MICRO BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR EXMAPLE ANT COLONIES, FLOCKING OF BIRDS, BEE SWARMING OR SLIME MOULD SHOWS THE EMERGENT BEHAVIOR.
STEVE JOHNSON IN HIS BOOK EMERGENCE TALKS ABOUT 5 SIMPLE RULES WHICH AN ANT FOLLOWS IN THE SWARM BEHAVIOR

1. MORE IS DIFFERENT
2. IGNORANCE IS USEFUL
3. ENCOURAGE RANDOM NUMBERS
4. LOOK FOR PATTERNS IN THE SIGNS
5. PAY ATTENTION TO YOUR NEIGHBOURS

THIS SHOW THAT THE EMERGENT SYSTEMS ESSENTIALLY INCORPORTAE PRINCIPLES OF SELF ORGANIZATION, STYGMERGY, FLEXIBILITY AND ROBUSTNESS.
ARCHITECTURE HAS JUST STARTED UNDERSTANDING IDEA OF EMERGENCE WITH ITS BOTTOM UP APPROACH AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE TOP DOWN APPROACH. THE BOTTOM UP APPROCH INVOLVES CELLULAR ORGANIZATION WHERE EACH CELL CAN BE CONNECTED TO THE NEIGHBOURING CELL BY MEANS OF MATHAMATICAL PRINCIPALS DERIVED FROM LOGICS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. THIS INDUCES FLEXIBILITY WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION. WHAT DOES IDEA OF FLEXIBILITY AND ROBUSTNESS MEAN TO ARCHITECTURE? EACH ELEMENT HAS THE POSSIBILITY T ADAPT TO THE CHANGES IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD AND RECONSTRUCT ITSELF. OBJECTS ARE LINKED WITH OTHER OBJECTS BY RELATION. THESE RELATIONS CAN BE LOGICAL OR GEOMETRICAL. THE SELF ASSEMBLAGE OF CELLULAR AGGREGATION CAN PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE ARTIFICIAL SYSTEMS FOR EXAMPLE ARTIFICIAL RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS SUCH AS TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM OR UTILITY GRID. AS OF NOW WHICH DEPENDS UPON TOP DOWN DESIGN PARADIGM LAID BY BEST ANALYTIC METHOD AVAILABLE. MODIFICATIONS ARE MADE IN ADHOC MANNER. TOP DOWN MANAGEMENT APPROCH TO COMPLEX SYSTEM BECOMES MEANINGLESS. SO IT BECOMES IMPORTANT TO STUDY THE IDEA OF EMERGENCE AND THEREFORE CELLURAL AGGREGATION. THE MORPHOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES BEHIND THEM.
ONE EXAMPLE IS OF SLIME MOULD.





PART II (EXAMPLE OF CELLULAR AGGREGATIONS SLIME MOULD, LICHEN/ EXAMPLE OF CELLULAR GROWTH SMOLUSCAN SHELL)

SLIME MOULD: DESCRIBING SLIME MOULD BY ITS MORPHOGENESIS AND DETAILING OUT THE PARADIGMS BEHIND ITS SWARM BEHAVIOR.
HOW CAN IT BE USED IN DIFFERENT FIELDS? A GOOD EXAMPLE IS SLIMEBOT (ROBOTICS)
ANOTHER EXAMPLE IS OF ‘LICHEN’ COLONIES OF SYMBIOTIC ALGAE AND FUNGI WHICH GROW ON THE ROCKS FORMING INTERESTING AND INTRICATE GROWTH PATTERNS. THEIR MORPHOGENESIS CAN BE STUDIED BAED ON THE AVAILABLE LITERATURE.



IMAGE OF LICHEN ON ROCK FORMATIONS

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